Teaching Beginning Reading and Writing With the Picture Word Inductive Model Sunmmary

Download Article

Download Article

Writing a summary is a great way to process the information you read, whether information technology'southward an commodity or a book. If you're assigned a summary in schoolhouse, the best way to approach information technology is past reviewing the piece yous're summarizing. Read it thoroughly and take notes on the major points you lot want to include in your summary. When you go to writing your summary, rely on your memory first to make sure the summary is in your own words. Then, revise information technology to ensure that your writing is clear and the grammar, punctuation, and spelling are all perfect.

Sample Summaries

1. ane

   Read the slice thoroughly. You lot should read it without making any kind of marks. Instead, focus on really understanding what the author is trying to say. This might mean that you need to read ane judgement or paragraph more than than once. You lot might as well desire to reread the whole piece. That'due south fine.^[i]

2. ii

   Write downwardly what you think the main point of the slice is. This will assistance yous start to put the piece'due south arguments in your own words. You tin can likewise enquire yourself what point or points or themes come up throughout the unabridged piece. The title tin likewise give y'all a tip as to the chief point of the piece.^[2]

   • Gather primal quotes from the text to help you pinpoint main ideas.^[3]
   • The author might also state their thesis more plainly by proverb something like "my argument is...." or I believe...
   • In a fiction slice, the author will more probable emphasize themes. So if you find that love - discussions or descriptions of it, for example - come up a lot, one of the main points of the piece is probably dear.

   Ad

3. 3

   Reread the piece, taking notes on the major points of it. Once you know for sure what the writer's main point is, reread the piece, looking for the ways they support that point. You tin can find supporting material by looking for details that refer to the title, surprises in the argument or plot, repetition, or a lot of attention to details such as descriptions of characters (if any). Write downward each fourth dimension something like this occurs.^[4]

   • Focus on the starting time ii sentences and the terminal 2 sentences of each affiliate. That'due south often where the writer will put important points!^[v]
   • To put something in your own words, write it down as if you were explaining or describing it to a friend. In that case, you wouldn't just read what the author wrote. Practise the same when yous're writing down the major points in your own words.

4. iv

   Don't focus on the testify that the author uses to back up those points. You lot only need to know what they're arguing. And then, for example, say the author's main argument is: "The U.Due south. Civil Rights Movement actually began in the 1950s." They might say that black women's boycott of mass transit is an example of this. You only need to note the black women'due south boycott, not the examples of that boycott that the writer uses.^[vi]

   • For fiction pieces, this means avoiding rewriting every single thing that happens in the piece. Focus instead on the major plot points and the primary motivator for those points. Don't include everything that happens to the graphic symbol forth the way.

   Advertizing

1. ane

   Start with the source'southward data. Yous should start every summary with the writer and the article's title. This lets your reader know that you're summarizing what someone else has written.^[7]

   • For example, you tin can beginning with something similar "George Shaw'due south ''Pygmalion'' is a play that addresses issues of class and civilization in early on twentieth-century England."

2. 2

   Piece of work from memory to write the chief point of each section. Without looking at your notes, write a first draft that includes the principal point of each section in your own words. A summary shouldn't just repeat what the original author said, then using your own words is very important.^[eight]

   • If you admittedly must utilise the original author's words, put them in quotation marks. This tells your reader those words aren't yours. Not doing this is bookish plagiarism, and it can become yous in a lot of trouble.
   • Make sure you format the quote correctly!

3. iii

   Nowadays the material using the writer's indicate of view. Equally you write, make sure you're but summarizing the original piece of writing. You shouldn't be inserting your own opinions of the slice or of the events the piece covers. Instead, summarize what the original writer said and retain their tone and point of view.^{[9] [10]}

   • For example, you might think that Hamlet spends a lot of time thinking and not a lot of time acting. You lot can say something like, "Hamlet is a human being of thought, rather than activity," instead of saying, "Why doesn't Village practice something once in a while?"
   • Pay attention to moments when the author'south tone clearly highlights that something is of import.^[11]

4. iv

   Use language appropriate to a summary. You lot want your reader to know that you're summarizing another person'southward arguments. So you should occasionally utilize phrases like "the author argues," or "the article claims" when you're presenting those arguments. This reminds the reader that it's not your piece, simply someone else'due south.^[12]

   • In fiction pieces, you tin say something similar "Shakespeare's Village and then spends a lot of time brooding on the castle ramparts." This tells your reader y'all're talking about Shakespeare'south play, not inventing your ain story.

   Advertising

1. 1

   Reread the draft you wrote from retentivity confronting your notes. Take your notes out and compare them to your from-memory draft. If there's annihilation major yous forgot to include, put it in your second draft.^[13]

2. ii

   Nowadays the summary in chronological order. Rather than jumping around to different parts of the story or article, you should explain what happened in the sequence that information technology happened. This is especially important for summarizing works of fiction.

3. 3

   Eliminate repetition. Sometimes in an article or volume, the writer might brand the same point multiple times as a way to underline their master points. In your summary, you don't need to do this. When you're rereading your summary, delete any repetitive points – even if the writer makes them multiple times, you only demand to make them in one case.^[14]

   • If you notice an author has made the same signal multiple times, though, it'south a skillful indicator that this is an important signal, and it should definitely be in your summary.

4. 4

   Add transitions where necessary. If you're focused on getting all of the primary points downwardly, you might not exist paying attention to how the paragraphs of your summary fit together. When you revise, brand sure that y'all connect each paragraph to the next, and back to the main bespeak.^[15]

   • For example, in a summary of an article virtually the cause of the American Revolution, you might have a paragraph that summarizes the writer's arguments about taxes, and another about religious freedom. Y'all can say something like, "Although some colonists believed that taxes should entitle them to representation in Parliament, the author likewise argues that other colonists supported the Revolution because they believed they were entitled to representation in heaven on their own terms."

5. 5

   Check for grammatical and spelling errors. In one case you've finished revising the arguments in your draft, check the little things. Make sure at that place are no spelling or grammar mistakes. Look for whatever additional or missing punctuation and right that as well.

   • Don't use spell-checker for spelling errors. It will catch if y'all spell something wrong, only not if you use the wrong spelling of a word. For example, it won't take hold of that you used "there" when you meant "their."

6. vi

   Check your length. In one case you've added anything you might have forgotten to your summary, check how long it is. If you lot're summarizing something for a school assignment, be certain to stick to the parameters or guidelines provided by your teacher.

   • Generally, a summary should be around one quarter the length of the original piece. So if the original slice is 4 pages long, your summary should be no more than ane page.^[16]

7. 7

   Ask someone else to read your work. Another person may see an argument or bespeak in a completely different light than you lot have, giving you a new feel for the work and yours.

   • Non only should they be comparing your work for accuracy, ask them to read it for flow and summation. They should exist able understand what happened in the commodity or story by reading your summary alone.^[17] Don't hesitate to inquire for criticism; and so weigh those criticisms and make valid changes.

   Advertisement

Add New Question

• Question

  Can I employ persuasive speech in a summary?

  

  Alexander Peterman is a Individual Tutor in Florida. He received his MA in Education from the University of Florida in 2017.

  

  Examination Prep Tutor

  Expert Reply

  Because a summary should be an shortened, objective version of a written work, I would avert your own persuasive speech in a summary. Remember that this was someone else's piece of work, not your own! Save persuasive writing for an assay, not a summary.

• Question

  How would I write a summary of a curt story?

  

  Alexander Peterman is a Private Tutor in Florida. He received his MA in Education from the Academy of Florida in 2017.

  

  Test Prep Tutor

  Expert Answer

  I would focus on the main themes and try to retell what the story is about the story in a shortened version. Focus on retelling it from the author's perspective, not your own -- and stay in chronological order.

• Question

  How practise you start a summary?

  

  Richard Perkins is a Writing Passenger vehicle, Academic English language Coordinator, and the Founder of PLC Learning Center. With over 24 years of education feel, he gives teachers tools to teach writing to students and works with simple to university level students to become proficient, confident writers. Richard is a boyfriend at the National Writing Project. As a teacher leader and consultant at California Land University Long Beach'southward Global Education Projection, Mr. Perkins creates and presents teacher workshops that integrate the U.N.'s 17 Sustainable Evolution Goals in the 1000-12 curriculum. He holds a BA in Communications and Telly from The University of Southern California and an MEd from California State University Dominguez Hills.

  

  Writing Charabanc & Bookish English Coordinator

  Skillful Reply

  As with everything, start with a programme. Set aside some fourth dimension to await for the text master ideas. Information technology doesn't matter if it's an article or a textbook page, bank check the very first sentence of each paragraph, as that's where the main ideas usually are. Then, try paraphrasing some of that, rewriting the main ideas in your ain words. That's a real skill yous should practice from elementary school to the academy level.

• Question

  Are all chief ideas included in the summary?

  

  You should try to include all the main ideas if you can, merely some things may have to be left out to relieve space. If y'all retrieve a point is of import to the piece yous're summarizing, add it to your summary. Nonetheless, keep in heed that your summary should be concise rather than perfectly detailed.

• Question

  How should I begin a summary?

  

  You should brainstorm with "The book___________, past ___________, tells the story of______________________.

• Question

  How can I start a summary?

  

  These are some examples of the beginning of a summary: - The story is about... - The text describes... - The article shows...

• Question

  Can I number things when summarizing?

  

  No, just use the appropriate words to convey a chronological order, for instance words similar "first," "second," "then," "finally," etc.

• Question

  What if the book has a lot of characters that are only mentioned once or twice?

  

  If they are minor characters then you shouldn't include them in your summary. Decide on whether the character is important to the storyline. You lot'll probably just need to focus on the main characters to write an effective summary.

• Question

  Is 3 paragraphs considered "cursory"?

  

  A summary's length depends on the passage yous're summarizing. If it's a brusk article or story, then it should but be one long paragraph. If it'southward a novel, however, 3 to 5 paragraphs should exist enough. Then actually, it depends on the passage.

• Question

  Do I include headlines in a summary?

  

  Aye it is obligatory, considering readers of your summary must accept a possibility to easily notice and read the original text, that you have summarised.

Evidence more answers

Ask a Question

200 characters left

Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.

Submit

Advertisement

About This Article

Article Summary Ten

Before you write a summary, read the piece yous're summarizing, and so make notes on what you recall the main indicate and major supporting arguments are. When y'all're ready to draft your summary, start with the writer and championship, then use your ain words to write what you think the writer'due south main point is in each department. Be sure to focus on what the writer thinks and feels rather than what yous do! Finally, reread your summary and cheque it for good spelling, punctuation, and grammar. For more suggestions from our reviewer about polishing your summary and improving transitions, read on!

Did this summary help you lot?

Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read one,740,506 times.

Did this article assist you?

Teaching Beginning Reading and Writing With the Picture Word Inductive Model Sunmmary

Source: https://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Summary

Share :